What is Lung Cancer Mediastinal Staging?
Staging describes how far a lung cancer has spread. Mediastinal staging focuses on the lymph nodes in the centre of the chest and is a key factor in deciding between surgery, radiotherapy and systemic treatment. EBUS-TBNA allows systematic sampling of these nodes in a minimally invasive manner.
Why it is done
- Newly diagnosed or suspected lung cancer
- Enlarged or PET-positive mediastinal lymph nodes
- Pre-surgical planning
Before the procedure
- Fasting for about 6 hours before the procedure (you will be given exact instructions)
- Inform the team about blood thinners, diabetes medicines and allergies — some medicines may need to be paused
- Blood tests and recent imaging (CT scan) are usually reviewed beforehand
- Bring a family member or friend to accompany you home
During the procedure
- Systematic ultrasound survey of the mediastinal and hilar lymph node stations
- Needle sampling of nodes according to staging guidelines
After the procedure
- You will be observed for a short period until the sedation wears off
- Avoid eating or drinking for about 1–2 hours, until the throat numbness settles
- A mild sore throat, cough or slight blood-streaked sputum may occur briefly
- Do not drive or operate machinery for the rest of the day after sedation
- Biopsy results usually take a few days; your follow-up will be scheduled
Safety & risks
Bronchoscopy is generally a safe procedure. Possible risks include sore throat, transient fever, minor bleeding, low oxygen levels during the procedure and, rarely, pneumothorax (especially after lung biopsy). Your doctor will discuss the risks relevant to you before obtaining consent.
Preparation instructions may differ for individual patients — please follow the specific advice given at your consultation.