What is Pleural Biopsy?
A pleural biopsy obtains tissue from the pleura (the lining around the lungs). It may be performed with a needle under ultrasound guidance, or under direct vision during medical thoracoscopy. It is particularly useful when pleural fluid tests do not provide a diagnosis.
Why it is done
- Undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion
- Suspected tuberculous pleurisy
- Suspected pleural cancer or mesothelioma
- Pleural thickening
Before the procedure
- Inform the team about blood thinners and allergies
- Blood tests (including clotting profile) may be checked
- An ultrasound of the chest will be performed to locate the fluid or air safely
- You can usually eat lightly unless sedation is planned
During the procedure
- Local anaesthesia with or without sedation
- Several small tissue samples are obtained
After the procedure
- Observation and a chest X-ray if required
- Results are discussed at follow-up
Safety & risks
Pleural procedures are performed with ultrasound guidance and local anaesthesia to improve safety. Possible risks include pain, bleeding, infection, pneumothorax and, rarely, re-expansion pulmonary oedema after large-volume drainage. These will be discussed with you before the procedure.
Preparation instructions may differ for individual patients — please follow the specific advice given at your consultation.